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Counting - Addition and the Multiplication Counting Principle

SOURCE:COMPETITION
Number of Problems: 3.
FOR PRINT ::: (Book)

Problem Num : 1

Type: None

Topic:Counting

Theme:None
Adjustment# :

Difficulty: 1

Category Addition and the Multiplication Counting Principle

Analysis

Solution/Hint

Problem Num : 2

Type: None

Topic:Counting

Theme:None
Adjustment# :

Difficulty: 2

Category Addition and the Multiplication Counting Principle

Analysis ????????? ???????.

Solution/Hint

Problem Num : 3

Type:

Topic:Counting

Adjustment# : 0

Difficulty: 1

'
A game is played with tokens according to the following rule. In each round, the player with the most tokens gives one token to each of the other players and also places one token in the discard pile. The game ends when some player runs out of tokens. Players $A$ , $B$ , and $C$ start with 15, 14, and 13 tokens, respectively. How many rounds will there be in the game?
$mathrm{(A) } 36 qquad mathrm{(B) } 37 qquad mathrm{(C) } 38 qquad mathrm{(D) } 39 qquad mathrm{(E) } 40$
'

Category Addition and the Multiplication Counting Principle

Analysis

Solution/Hint
Look at a set of 3 rounds, where the players have $x+1$ , $x$ , and $x-1$ tokens. Each of the players will gain two tokens from the others and give away 3 tokens, so overall, each player will lose 1 token.
Therefore, after 12 sets of 3 rounds, or 36 rounds, the players will have 3, 2, and 1 tokens, repectively. After 1 more round, player $A$ will give away his last 3 tokens and the game will stop $Rightarrowmathrm{(B)}$ .